English summary of the 1 number of volume 49 publishing paper

Vol.49 No.1

Original Paper

Title:Development of Educational Software to Control Walking Motion for Four-legged Robot
Author:Yosuke ITO Hironori KAKIUCHI Kei OIZUMI Akira KIKUCHI

題目：四足型ロボットの歩行運動を制御するための教育用ソフトウェアの開発
著者：伊藤　陽介　　垣　内　洋範　　大　泉　計　　菊　地　章

キーワード：四足型ロボット，教育用ソフトウェア，歩行運動，運動学，歩容


There has been a promotion of the use of mechatronic-intergrated autonomous robot as teaching materials in technology education. Recently, four-legged robots capable of walking like an animal have come to market.
Users can control the robots based on programming of their own making. In this paper we propose a robotic walking motion lesson for Junior High School Technology & Home Economics courses, with the purpose of having students implement a walking pattern of their own making for the four-legged robot. Educational software newly developed to achieve this purpose can produce the walking motion for the robot without difficulty. We describe the environment for usage of this software, the functions and internal structure of the program to make the robot walk, and the characteristics of the spreadsheet to create the walking pattern. The results of follow-up research concerning the control of walking motion using the developed educational software and the four-legged robot, show that the educational software adequately supports students' study activities.

Key words : four-legged robot, educational software, walking motion, kinematics, gait

Title:Analytical Design Theory of a High Speed Electric Vehicle driven by DC Motor taking into account the Air Resistance
Author:Kiyonobu KUSANO

題目：空気抵抗を考慮に入れた直流モータで駆動される高速電気自動車の解析的設計理論
著者：草野清信

キーワード：高速電気自動車、空気抵抗、速度性能、加速性能、解析的設計理論


In this paper, we clarify a design procedure for a DC-motor driven, high-speed electric vehicle. To this end a speed analysis was first derived, taking into account air resistance. The theoretical formula of a steady state speed νu and the time constant τ that show the speed and acceleration characteristic indices of an automobiles performance was derived from this analytical result. By imposing a condition of minimum value Vmin or more on the theoretical formula of νu, and imposing a condition of maximum value τmax or less on the theoretical formula of the time constant τ, we derived a theoretical formula that determines the allowable tolerance for motor performance value of ω0 and gear ratio λ . Based on these results, a motor selection method and a design procedure for gear ratio were derived.

Key words : High speed electric vehicle, Air resistance, Velocity performance, Acceleration performance, Analytical design theory

Title:A Study of the Impressions of Wood as the Teaching Material
Author:Seiji HIRATA Satoru YOKOTA

題目：教材としての木材のイメージについて
著者：平田　晴路　　横田　聖

キーワード：教材，木材，イメージ，SD法，教育的価値


To better serve manufacturing education, with junior high school, and university and graduate students as target groups the images of wood, metal and plastic were researched using the semantic differential technique. For the most part answers of junior high school students resembled those of university and graduate students. From both groups' answers, the following results were obtaine： (1) In past image research, wood had the best overall image in terms of living environment with impressions such as "warm" and "healing", and had the best image in terms of educational values, with impressions of "individual respect" and "joyous". (2) Inthis image research, where students looked at and touched each material, wood also had the best image, not only in terms of living environment, but also educational value. (3) On a scale of meaningfulness in educational value, the image of a wooden mouse made by the authors was better than that of a ready-made mouse of plastic.

Key words : Teaching material, Wood, Image, Semantic differential technique, Educational value

Title:The Effect of Vibration on Ebullition Behavior of Water Droplets under Transient Overexpanded Conditions during the Test Runs
Author:Michiyoshi SUZUKI Yasuo HARIGAYA Fujio TODA

題目：伸張下に置かれた水滴の突沸挙動に及ぼす振動の影響
著者：鈴木　道義　　針谷　安男　 戸田　富士夫

キーワード：伸張，相変化，振動，ろ過，突沸，核生成


This paper presents an experimental study on the ebullition process of overexpanded water droplets under the vibrating condition.. In this study, the effect of vibration and filtering of water under experiment on the disintegration of water droplets due to ebullition was considered for water droplets under transient overexpanded conditions during the test runs. It was clarified from this study that the nucleation rate of overexpanded water droplets under transient overexpanded condition during the test runs increased with a increase of intensity of vibration af, namely the product of frequency f of vibration and amplitude a of vibration, and a increase of pore size of membrane filter for filtering water under experiment.
Key words : Overexpanding, Phase Change, Vibration, Filtering, Ebullition, Nucleation

Title:An Analysis of Lubrication Properties on a Piston Ring of an IC Engine- Effect of Ring Sliding Face Profile
Author:Akiko SHIMADA Takashi ISHIJIMA Yasuo HARIGAYA Michiyoshi SUZUKI

題目：内燃機関のピストンリング部における潤滑特性の解析
　　　　−リングすべり面形状の影響−
著者：嶋田　彰子　　石島　隆志　　針谷　安男　　鈴木　道義

キーワード：潤滑，ピストンリング，エネルギ変換，摩擦平均有効圧力，摩擦力，内燃機関


As a solution to energy and environmental problems, the reduction of piston ring friction in the internal combustion engine is extremely important. In this paper, the influence that a piston ring's sliding face exerts on oil film thickness, temperature and friction were analyzed by using an unsteady two-dimensional thermohydrodynamic lubrication equation. There are two types of geometries for sliding faces of rings ― one, a barrel face and the other, a flat face with rounded edges. The results were as follows: (1) with the increase of barrel height, a heightened load capacity from the increased period of wedging occurs, increasing ring slip speed and oil film thickness increases; (2) friction force changes greatly in a cycle, its value higher for flat face surface geometry than for barrel face ring geometry; (3) an increase in barrel height value sees a decrease in the friction mean effective pressure (FMEP); for lower FMEP effect the barrel face ring is more advantageous than that of the flat face ring.
Key words: Lubrication, Piston Ring, Energy Conversion, Friction Mean Effective Pressure, Friction Force, Internal Combustion Engine

Practical Paper

Title:Development of Woodworking Program Applicable to Preschool Education- Introduction in Creativity Education
Author:Ui-Do HWANG Masatoshi SUGIMORI Nam-Ho LEE Akinori YAMASHITA Akio TANAKA

題目：幼児教育における木エプログラム開発
　　　　−創造性教育への導入−
著者：黄　義道・杉森　正敏・李　南浩・山下　晃功・由中　昭夫

キーワード：　木工教育，プロジェクト・アプローチ，幼児教育，創造性, TTCT


This paper focuses on promoting woodworking in preschool education. First, we developed a creativity training program in terms of the Project Approach using woodworking and established a safe environment providing space and tools insuring ease of use for preschoolers. A kindergarten located in Jeonju-si, Korea was chosen, and the program was conducted with 10 five-year-old preschoolers over a 13 week period. Teachers received instruction in woodworking skills before the program began. To assess the creativity of the preschoolers, the Figural Form A of the Torrance Tests Creative Thinking (TTCT) was used, and the pretest and posttest scores were analyzed by the t test using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program. Results showed that there is a possibility that woodworking could be implemented in preschool education. Further, we also proved that the creativity training program in terms of the Project Approach using woodworking has a positive effect on preschoolers creativity.
Keywords : woodworking, Project Approach, preschool education, creativity, TTCT

School Report

Title:Making of tlie Wooden Mosaic Work for Pleasure
Author:Kazuhiko YAMAGUCHI

題目：「組み木を楽しむ」製作からその遊び方まで
著者：静岡県静岡市立清水第五中学校　山ロ　一彦

キーワード：組み木，ものづくり教材

Title:Cultivation of Student Ability Through the Practical Study of Making Beautiful Things
Author:Katushi NAKAYAMA

題目：ものづくりを通しての美しい学校づくり・人づくりについての実践的な研究
著者：広島県東広島市黒瀬中学校（現広島県東広島市立松賀中学校）　中山　勝志


キーワード：技術科，教育課程，ものづくり，栽培，総合的な学習，学校づくり，啓発，習得した力