English summary of the 3 number of volume 48 publishing paper

Original Paper

Title: Development of Artificial Polycrystalline Ruby and Sapphire as a Teaching Material
Author: Hirovuki Y. SUZUKI Shunzo TASHIMA

題目：多結晶の人造ルビーやサファイヤ製作の教材化
著者：鈴木　裕之・田島　俊造

Naturally occurring ruby and sapphire, which are usually thought as expensive ornaments, are alumina in terms of crystallography, and are utilized as engineering materials because of their outstanding hardness and corrosion resistance. Recent progress of ceramic processing technology enables to fabricate translucent polycrystalline alumina at low sintering temperatures of around 1200ｰC 1).
In this research, we tried to fabricate artificial polycrystalline ruby and sapphire, using above mentioned alumina processing technology and putting colors by soaking chrome or cobalt nitrate solutions in it. Although a high vacuum furnace was needed in a part of the process to obtain translucent products, the remaining part of the processes could be done with conventional junior and senior high schools' facilities. The artificial ruby and sapphire by the process are taken as teaching material not only for engineering subject but also as scientific and artistic classes since they show beautiful appearances.

Key words : Ceramic Processing, Nitrate Process, Translucent Alumina

Title: Optimization of Goal Variable in Independent Learning of Cutting Processing Technology
Author: Tadashi OHTANI Ikuo NAGASAWA Akinori YAMASHITA

題目：目標変数に促した切断加工の主体的な学習過程の最適化
著者：大谷　忠・長揮　郁夫・山下　晃功

A design and content of the learning process due to raise the intensity of the independent activity was investigated on the educational content model for manual cutting. From the result for the slippage of cutting hour and truncation error in the cutting test with the double edged manual saw, the pupil greatly sensed the slippage of the body reaction and the value of index E/H for the intensity of the independent learning activity also increased, especially in the difference between the selections of the serration. Above index for the operation of cutting performance and accuracy in the manual sawing was correspondent to the psychological slippage. The result revealed that it was possible to use the operation index for the evaluation of the intensity of perception and independent activity of the slippage. In addition, the manual sawing operation, which utilized the difference between the selections of the serration in the learning of cutting processing, was easy to sense the slippage of the operation, and the difference included the element to raise the independent activity.

Key words : learning process, optimization, cutting processing, independent activity, motive

Title: Development of Controlled Learning Web Systems Using Server-Side Java in an Industrial High School
Author: Kenichi SHINOZAKI Torao YANARU

題目：工業高校におけるサーバサイドJavaによる制御学習Webシステムの開発
著者：篠崎　健一・矢鳴　虎夫

In May 2004, the Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry promoted information applications, robots, and IT in general as the new cutting-edge industrial fields. As is well known, the explosive growth of the Internet continues, and production plant and control systems operated using Server-Side Java have come into practical use.
Taking the current situation into consideration, this study developed an industrial Web-based system learning tool that implements remote-control using the Server-Side Java.We used PICNIC as a metering and control system unit, and it actualizes remote control using Java through the Network. For the system design technique, we adopted an MVC technique that allows the use of componentization technology. Therefore, it allows a personal computer with a Web browser installed, with or without JVM, to implement remote-control over a wide range, so as to measure temperature by Java, to control input and output terminal, to transform JPEG image, to link databases, and to auto play PDE files. Of course, because the system can be utilized with Internet access, it is possible to be used for science and/or technology classes in middle school and science and/or information classes in high school as well as technical education in industrial high school.

Key words : Java, Server-Side technique, Remote Control, PICNIC, MVC technique

Practical Paper

Title: The Fostering of Self-Educability in Technology Education - The Effectiveness of Score on Self-educability Diagnostic Test in Introduced Collaborative Learning Process -
Author: Akio UOZUMI

題目：技術科教育における自己教育力の育成に関する研究 −協同学習過程の導入が自己教育力診断テストの得点に及ぼす効果−
著者：魚住　明生

The new government teaching guidelines require the fostering of self-educability through practical and experientialstudy. Fostering self-educability has long been an important aspect of technology education. Recently It has been worth that collaborative learning fosters self-educability, so it is necessary to consider collaborative learning in technologyeducation. This study examines the validity of collaborative learning as a course to foster self-educability. Specifically, theteaching materials and study process which can lesson collaborative learning in making things were built, and it analyzes a collaborative learning class, a follow-up self-educability diagnostic test, and student reports on making things. Results reveal that collaborative learning is effective in fostering self-educability and that through collaborativelearning students acquire the fundamental expertise of collaborative learning for fostering self-educability.

Keyword: technology education, self-educability, collaborative leaning, learning process, lesson practice

Title: Power Transmission and Its Mechanism Study Using a Robotics in Junior High School Technology Class
Author: Shinnosuke MORI Tom YAMAMOTO Hiroshi MORIOKA Hiroyuki SHIRAHAMA

題目：中学校技術・家庭科（技術分野）におけるロボット技術を用いた動力伝達および機構学習
著者：森　慎之助・山本　透・森岡　弘・白濱　弘幸

Robotics was chosen as a subject for teaching energy conversion, especially power transmission and its mechanism in junior high school technology class. Students managed to gradually gain an understanding of basic concepts, spontaneously formed groups and worked together. Lego Company's "Mindstorms" was used as the teaching material. Students were surveyed both before and after the lesson on their knowledge of and interest in robots, power transmission and its mechanism.
It was found that learning the power transmission and its mechanism study is possible by the use of this teaching material as a part of the technology of the robot hand. It was also shown that both giving the target for problem-solving and working together in groups is effective in cultivating the ability of the problem-solving.

Keywords : robotics, energy conversion, power transmission, mechanism

Title: Obj ect-Making Education through Production of an Autonomous Human Tracking Robot (in a Network Environment)
Author: Yoshio NOMURA Kouki YAMAJI

題目：自律型対人追尾ロボット（ネットワーク環境下における）の製作を通してのものづくり教育
著者：野村　良雄・山路　康貴

In recent years manufacturing technology has increasingly accelerated towards super precision and minute processing. At the same time, the problem of young people turning away from it has worsened and we find ourselves in a situation where it is possible that the country's continued position as a technological nation is threatened. With this in mind, in our school's engineering department we have established a research objective to resolve the problem from within the existing circumstances. Students draw up a plan and framework and implement research aiming at new modes of more practical object-making education.
In the present research, at the planning level with the input of staff from homes for the elderly and welfare institutions, we report on practical, experiential learning in the manufacturing process as a development of a previous graduate study theme concerning the expectations of hospital institutions, general household towards autonomous human tracking robots.

Key words : Welfare mechanism, tracking robot, manufacturing education

Title: A Study on a Bipedal Walking Model as a Teaching Material for Object-making in Elementary and Junior High Schools
Author: Tetsuya YAMADA Fumiyasu KURATANI

題目：小・中学校におけるものづくり教材としての2足歩行模型に関する研究
著者：山田　哲也・鞍谷　文保

The necessity of consistent fostering of technical grounding in elementary and junior high schools is a topical subject today and it has been shown possible to incorporate object-making into courses in elementary, as well as junior high schools. To generate enjoyment, interest and understanding in object-making and mechanics the authors developed a bipedal walking model. The model is easy to make, adjust and improve and with it it is easy to understand the effects of part dimensions and weight on motion. Classes in the higher-grades of elementary school were carried out using the developed model and students expressed an understanding of mechanics, such as center of gravity, and enjoyment of object-making.

Key words: Object-making, Teaching Material, Class, Bipedal Walking Model, Center of Gravity, Elementary and Junior High Schools