English summary of the 1 number of volume 46 publishing paper

Original Paper

Title:Evaluation of Bonding Integrity of Structural Glulam from Tropical Hardwood
Author:Ping YANG，Yasuo OHSAKO，Ee Ding WONG，Yu Eng TAN

題目：熱帯広葉樹構造用集成材の接着性能の評価
著者：楊 萍，大迫靖雄，Ee Ding WONG，Yu Eng TAN

Phenol resorcinol formaldehyde bonded structural glulams were produced from two tropical hardwood species, rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) and durian hutan (Durio oxleyanus). Their bonding strengths were derived using the block shear test with two shapes of specimens, as stipulated in two different editions of Malaysian Standards: MS758:1981 and MS758:2001. The bonding strengths of different shapes and sizes of specimens were investigated, with consideration given to shear stress at the glue line. The relationship between the bonding integrity and the size of the specimens was also studied, both experimentally and theoretically, by using two shapes (single-notched and un-notched) and different lamina sizes (25mm and 50mm in length and 25mm and 35mm in thickness). Below is a summary of results.
Irrespective of the shape and size of the specimens, the shear stress concentrated at the bottom end of the glue line, and the bonding integrity dropped as the intensity of stress concentration became larger.
The notched specimen showed less intensity of stress concentration at the bottom end of the glue line, and its bonding integrity was higher. It was then deduced that the MS758:2001 was stricter than MS758:1981 in evaluating bonding integrity.
The bonding strength of the specimen made of the thicker lamina was lower than that of the thinner lamina. The bonding strength of the un-notched durian hutan specimen made of lamina both 25mm in thickness and length was reduced by about 8.5 percent when the length was doubled to 50mm.

Key words: Structural glulam, tropical hardwood, bonding strength, finite element method, computer simulation

Practical Paper

Title: The Development and its Effect of Learning Model for Students to Deepen the Understanding of Chilling Treatment for Cultivation of Tulip
−Applied Pragmatic Schema of Students−
Author: Yoshihiro MASUO，Hideo TSUCHIYA

題目：チューリップ栽培における低温処理の理解をより深める学習モデルの開発とその効果
−生徒の実用的な既有スキーマを活用して−
著者：増尾慶裕，土屋英男

It is important to make students appreciate chilling treatment for the study of cultivation in junior high school. However, it is difficult for junior high school students, since a suitable learning method to deepen that understanding has not yet been developed. To solve this problem, the learning model including a lesson to setup learning objectives based on intrinsic motivation using a pragmatic schema of students was developed.
This learning model was proven effective through the minor difference found between the results of the records taken at the time of the lesson and a month following the lesson. These results suggest that this learning model deepens intelligibility of chilling treatment.
A statistically significant difference could be confirmed between the students and between the evaluations in the fundamental and the applied problems. Furthermore, there was a statistical difference in the development problems between the two learning models for the students of high rank record conversely of the students of low rank.

Key word: Chilling treatment, Tulip, Learning model, Pragmatic schema, Learning effect

Title: Development of a New Teaching Method for the Cycle Mechanism of Internal Combustion Engines Supplying Continuous Power
Author: Makoto ARIKAWA

題目：内燃機関において連続した動力を供給する仕組みの学習指導法の開発
著者：有川 誠

A new teaching method was developed for the cycle mechanism of internal combustion engines that supply power continuously. This method uses a new apparatus that is modeled on the reciprocating block crank mechanism in piston engines. The apparatus allows students to observe how power is stored in the flywheel, by replacing one flywheel with another. This method was tried on junior high school students. 　The effectiveness of the method was determined by tests given to the students before and after the class. A follow-up test was given two months later to determine whether students still understood what they had studied. The follow-up test confirmed the effectiveness of the teaching method. At the same time, it revealed that insufficient observation of the experiment may lead students to misunderstand the mechanism.

Keywords: technology education, internal combustion engines, cycle mechanism, teaching method, tests

Case Study Paper

Title: An Analysis of Students' Work in Object-making Class in Elementary School
Author: Takashi SUZUKI

題目：小学校教育でのものづくりの授業における児童の作業分析
著者：鈴木隆司

The aim of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of students' learning in object-making class in elementary schools. The focus is on tasks requiring multiple stages of construction. The order of the construction stages was recorded and the time required to finish the stages was measured. These recorded results are compared with the degree of completion of the attempted project. The results of the analysis reveal that students who make high-quality objects in a short time complete their work by completing the stages in proper order with a high degree of concentration and spend a lot of time on repair when they make a mistake.

Keywords: object-making class, student, analysis of students’ work, construction stages, degree of completion

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