English summary of the 1 number of volume 44 publishing paper

Original Paper

Title: A Study of Fatigue as a Result of Sawing with a Handsaw
Author: Seiji HIRATA, Satoru OKADA, Hiromichi MIYAZAKI

題目：のこぎりの横びきにおける身体の疲労について
著者：平田晴路・岡田覚・宮崎擴道

Abstract

For smooth sawing and teaching sawing, the fatigue grade was measured by subjective evaluation of cross-cut sawing with a double tooth saw gripped with the right hand. The handle of the saw was gripped in two ways (the standard way and by affixing a forefinger), and they were compared. The following results were obtained.
1) The time for cutting something when affixing a forefinger was shorter than when cutting the standard way. With the standard way, the time required for cutting something increased with a decline in the subject's height. The 'forefinger' method was basically unaffected by the subject's height. Therefore, with regard to height, there were
remarkable differences between the two methods.
2) With the standard method, the level of fatigue in thenar was large. There was also a tendency that fatigue decreased with an increase in distance from the trunk, shoulder, upper arm, forearm, and from the palm to fingers.
3) With the 'forefinger' method, the tendency described in the preceding clause was present, with the exception that the level of fatigue in the forefinger and middle finger were particularly large. The majority of subjects replied that they were less tired when sawing with the 'forefinger' method than when sawing with the standard method. It was inferred that this was because with shorter subjects, the level of fatigue in deltoid and thenar was less than with the standard method.

Title: High Frequency Resistance-Capacitance Meter Composed of a Single Resonant Circuit
Author: Hiroshi KASUGAI, Takayuki TABATA, Yoshiharu MASUDA

題目：単一同調回路による高周波抵抗容量計
著者：春日井博志・田畑孝之・増田好治

Abstract

This paper presents the principle, the circuit characteristics and some applications of the new resistance-capacitance meter using the 90 degrees and 180 degrees vector methods. The new 90 degrees vector type of resistance-capacitance meter is composed of only one resonant circuit and a crystal oscillator. It is not only very simple and convenient but is also able to measure the equivalent parallel capacitance, resistance and small changes of the low impedance specimen at high frequencies with the same reliability as the resistance-capacitance meters developed until now.
The electrodes are connected in parallel with the resistance-capacitance meter through the co-axial cable. When the temperature around the specimen is made to change according to environmental facors, the co-axial cable itself is affected by the temperature change, and so a precise measurement becomes impossible. In this case, the balance type of resistance-capacitance meter using the 180 degrees method, with both the measuring co-axial cable and the compensating one, is useful for measuring the specimen's capacitance and resistance exactly.

Key Words.. Resistance-capacitance meter, capacitance, Resistance, 90 degrees method, 1 80 degrees method

Title: Nucleation Behavior of Superheated Water Droplets on Copper Disks
- Effect of Surface Roughness of Copper Disks -
Author: Michiyoshi Suzuki, Yasuo HARIGAYA, Fujio TODA

題目：固体面上に置かれた加熱水滴の核生成に及ぼす供試面表面粗さの影響
著者：鈴木道義・針谷安男・戸田富士夫

Abstract

In this report, the ebullition behavior of superheated water droplets on copper disks, which differed in their surface roughness, was investigated under transient superheated conditions during the course of the experiments. The results showed that the ebullition behavior of superheated water droplets on copper disks was influenced by the surface roughness of the disks. It was also shown that the superheated water droplets boiled at a lower degree of superheat with the increase in surface roughness. Because the wettability of those with water decreased with the increase in surface roughness, the nucleation rate increased.

Key Words : Superheated Water Droplets, Ebullition, Solid Surface, Surface Roughness, Nucleation Rate, Wettability

Technical Information

Title: Control of the N-Gauge System Using a Pocket Computer
Author: Haruyoshi AKIBA

題目：ポケットコンピュータによる鉄道模型の制御
著者：秋葉治克

Abstract

In technical high schools, the pocket computer is widely used for the learning of computer language, control, communication, etc., since it excels in utility and price, etc. In this study, the control system of a model railway ( the N- gauge ) was produced as a teaching material in order to extend the application range of the pocket computer to the aspect of control. This system can detect the speed control of the rolling stock, the switching of its running direction, he switching of the electromotion point, the ON and OFF of the buzzer and the rolling stock position, through the system bath released in the pocket computer by using the BASIC Code. A digital PWM system was adopted as a speed control system for the rolling stock. This system can change the period and duty cycle of the PWM signal digitally by setting the optional count rate to the programmable timer counter using the pocket computer. The photo microsensor was used for the detection of the rolling stock position, with its information retained by the latching circuit.

Keywords : pocket computer, railway model ( the N- gauge ), photo microsensor.

Title: A Study on Students' Awareness of the Relationship between the Contents of Industrial Arts Education and their Daily Lives
Author: Akihito KITO, Takayuki HASHIMOTO

題目：技術科教育における学習内容と生活とのかかわりについての生徒の意識に関する一考察
著者：鬼藤明仁・橋本孝之

Abstract

In this paper, the authors investigated the students' awareness of how the contents of Industrial Arts classes relate to their daily lives. The research was done at two public junior high schools in Osaka prefecture. The results showed firstly a relatively high contribution of two factors: the awareness that their practical study in the classes and their heightened interest in making goods in the classes were useful in their daily lives, suggesting that industrial arts education accomplished the objective of helping them to understand, through practical study, that technology plays a role in daily life. Secondly, it was shown that two other factors were extremely low in their contribution: firstly that students' knowledge learned in the classes, and secondly that the products made by students in the classes were useful in their daily lives. Since the course of study to be effective from 2002 prescribes that the students, understanding of how the contents they lean in the industrial arts classes relate to their daily lives will become more important than before, it was argued that the importance of these two kinds of awareness should be stressed in the classes.

Keyword: industrial arts education, daily lives, students' awareness, factor analysis, cluster analysis

Commentary

Title: The 2-1System of Technical High School Education in Korea:
Its Status Quo and Direction of Development
Author: Yong-Soon Lee, Tae-Cheon Rho, Choon-Gil Kim, Young-Jong Kim

題目：韓国の工業系高等学校｢2・1体制｣運営の現況と発展方向
著者：李龍淳・盧泰天・金春吉・金永鍾

Abstract

The 2. 1 system of technical high school education in Korea aims to cooperatively separate the educational system in order to focus on basic education in a major field of study during the first two years, followed by practical education in the industrial field during the last year, so that students can master the advanced technology of enterprises.
This study explores the direction of development of the system in the Korean knowledge-based society through the analysis of related literature.
The results of this study are as follows ;
1. The major results of the 2. 1 system are the perception of the importance of practice in an actual industrial field, solving the manpower problems, a positive influence for the revision of the related law, and laying the foundation of raising adaptability in the practical field through the development of the Module-based teaching-learning materials.
2. The problems of the 2. 1 system lie in the selection of enterprises for training due to the inadequacy of the agencies concerned, the evaluation of education in the actual industrial field and the implementation of a dual curriculum, the susceptible training environment, the non-enforcement of sound practice, and developing effective teaching-learning materials and curricula in the school.
3. The direction of development of the 2. I system lies in the enforcement of the ties between schooling and industry, the systematic selection of enterprises, the upgrading of the standards of field training; advantaged and delayed military service; the exemption from the qualifying examination through the approval of experience in the actual field and the expansion of the areas of the qualification examinations', the enriching of the contents of the field education in industry; the benefit of participation in the system; and the implementation and enrichment of public practical education through the improvement and expansion of the public practice center.

School Report