Original Papers

Title：Effect of the Thermophysical Properties of Metal Wire on the Pressure Generated by an Electric Explosion in Water.
Author：Hiroshi SAITO, Gen FUTADA, Yasuhiro SATO

題目：水中導線の電気的爆発による発生圧力への線材熱物性値の影響
著者：斎藤　宏，二田　元，佐藤安弘

By applying high voltage to a metal wire in water, a pressure wave is produced in the water. In this paper, the relationship between the peak value of the pressure wave and the thermophysical properties of the metal wire was studied. The peak value of the pressure wave and the wave form of current and voltage across the wire were measured using ten different wire materials. Using the measured wave form, we estimated the time variation for input energy during the interval between a transient discharge and an arc discharge. The results clearly indicated that the magnitude of generated pressure was proportional to the input energy time variation to the power of .072. It was found that the pressure increases as the value of the thermophysical properties of the metal wire (melting point and boiling point) decrease.

Key words: electric explosion in water, pressure, metal wire thermophysical properties, boiling point

Title：Gentaro Tanahashi and Craft Education - Tanahashi's Theory of Craft Education

Author： Fumihiko ISHIDA Yoshihiko KOIDE

題目：棚橋源太郎と手工教育−棚橋の手工教育理論−

著者：石田文彦，小出義彦

We analyzed the characteristics of Gentarou Tanahashi's theory of craft education by comparing and contrasting the craft education related books published from 1887 to 1904 and the teaching theory portion of Shukou ka kyouju sho' written by Gentarou Tanahashi. In order to realize the objective of craft education Tanahashi determined that craft education should be a combination of general education and vocational education. He placed educational value on training of the body, intelligence, feeling, and will. He introduced natural science into craft education. He defined the function of craft course as developing the ability to express knowledge of natural science as physical objects by using one's hands. Tanahashi's theory suggested that craft education would cultivate skills and their executive abilities as basic training for a vocation, it deepens our understanding about civilized society, and at the same time, it trains the personality in such a way that one can act independently. His educational idea that the final purpose of education is to prepare for one's future life, and together with this, the demands of the times moving toward industrialization are strongly reflected in his theory of craft education.

Keywords : Shukou ka kyouju sho', natural science, one's future life, industrialization

9737

Title：A Study of Structural Connection on Factors of Learning Programming

Author：Haruhisa YAMAGUCHI

題目：プログラミング学習要因の構造的関係

著者：山口晴久

Abstract

In Japanese junior high school, programming is instructed to the students in Information Technology. However the instruction is not always effective to all students. In this paper, factors of learning programming are analyzed and correlated with other learning factors: students' self-observing personality, their attitude toward the technology classes. The results are found as follows. (1)Programming ability is independent of craft ability. (2)Learning programming is mainly correlated with students' scientific and mathematical scholarly attainments and their mentality of exertion and independence.

Key words: Programming, BASIC, Scholarly Attainment, Factor Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis

Title：A Computer Aided Evaluation and Training System for Setup Operations at a Machining Center

Author： Kazumasa OHASHI

題目：マシニングセンタにおける段取作業の評価・訓練システム

著者：大橋　和正

The first step in preparing for automatic processing when using a machining center, requires that the workers manually set up work pieces on a pallet with the aide of fixtures and jigs. In order to efficiently perform the setup operations, a mathematical model was developed. Based on the minimum elapsed time criterion , this model provided a solution for the best arrangement of the work pieces on a pallet. We designed this model to obtain the optimum solution, so that the workers can appropriately set up work pieces on a pallet after using the proposed computer aided training systems. This paper presents the following results: (1) The optimum arrangement of work pieces on a pallet were determined by solving the mathematical model. (2) A computer-aided evaluation and training system was developed in order to implement the appropriate setup operations. We verified that this system can be implemented successfully.

Key words: Machining center, Setup operation, Work piece arrangement, Training system, Minimum elapsed time criterion

Title：Information Science and Technology in School Education with Lifelong Learning as a Consideration

Author： Akira KIKUCHI, Takeshi HONGO & Masayasu NAGAMATSU

題目：生涯学習を考慮した学校教育における情報科学技術教育

著者：菊地 章， 本郷 健， 長松 正康

Information education starts at the elementary school level and continues on in society. Information education necessitated by the rapid development of the present information oriented society has not been analyzed systematically. Rather this subject area is being determined individually at different levels within the educational system. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the reconstruction of the information education system. The current composition of this subject area is too restrictive. It is important to develop an information education system that goes beyond the framework of school and subject. In addition, it is also important to develop the information education system from the point of view of lifelong learning. In this paper, we evaluate information education as it has been practiced. We established the concept of recurrent information education which goes beyond the generations and we situated information education in the schools within the framework of lifelong education. Further, we expanded the present form of information education in order to integrate information education with information science and technology. We also divided the content of this new approach to information education into four parts: knowledge, science, technology and sensitivity \& ethics. We included learning objectives and content.

Key words: Education in Information Science and Technology, Information Science and Technology, Information Education, School Education, Lifelong Learning

Practical Papers

Title：A Case Study on the Relationship between Students' Selection of Optional Subjects and their Future Careers in the Integrated Course at the University of Tsukuba Senior High School at Sakado.

Autho：: Sadao Fukasaku

題目：「総合学科」における科目選択と進路選択との関係

著者：深作貞男

In April 1994, the Senior High School at Sakado which is attached to the University of Tsukuba established an "Integrated Science Course". This represents one form of an "Integrated Course". A new curriculum was developed with the primary attribute of this curriculum being the existence of many optional subjects in fields ranging from technological to general. This required each student to determine his or her own schedule by selecting subjects from the diversity of optional subjects offered. After experiencing this new curriculum, the students graduated in March 1997.

This research attempted to clarify how student selection of optional subjects contributed to the studentsC
selection of future careers. The results were summed up in the following five points. (1) Many students selected the specialized optional subjects (2) More than half the students selected the optional subjects based on their interests. (3) About one third of the students selected the optional subjects based on their future careers. (4) A small number of students selected the optional subjects based on their aptitudes. (5) The selection of specialized electives based on the studentsC
interests contributed significantly to their choice of future careers.

Key words: integrated course, new curriculum, specialized subject, selection of optional subjects, selection of future careers.

Technical Information

Title：Production of a Simple and Reasonable Desktop Clean Bench and its Evaluation
Author： Shin-ichi OKUNO

題目：卓上型簡易クリーンベンチの製作とその評価

著者：奥野 信一

In elementary and secondary education in Japan, the content of plant-biotechnology has recently been dealt with in science and technology courses. Unfortunately, practice in these courses requires a considerable sum of money to obtain certain instruments, such as clean benches, autoclaves, a lot of glassware, and chemicals. Therefore, this author developed a simple and effective desktop clean bench. This clean bench is assembled with a HEPA (High Efficiency Particle Air) filter and inexpensive materials. The specifications of the clean bench were determined after testing its performance on the levels of wind velocity and sound noise. When teachers of technology courses and lower secondary students who had no experience in plant tissue culture, plus some experienced university students utilized this self-made clean bench when working with the subculture of orchid propagules, their evaluation of its performance and handling was generally quite high except for a low rating on the small size. Overall, these results indicate that the clean bench we developed is useful when studying biotechnology.

Key words: learning about plant-biotechnology, sterile cultures, clean bench, HEPA(High Efficiency Particle Air) filter