第３９巻３号掲載論文の英文要旨
Vol.39 No.3
Original Papers
No.9635
Design of a Simple and Variable Constant-Current Source and Its Applications
Hiroshi Shirahama and Kiyonobu Kusano
簡易可変形定電流電源とその応用
白浜 博，草野 清信
This paper proposes a simple and variable constant current source for teaching
the concept of negative feedback (NFB) control in technical high schools.
In addition, a detailed design of the circuit is described and a detailed
analysis of its performance was conducted.
Devices used in the circuit are one Zener diode from which a reference
voltage is derived, one bipolar junction transistor connected as an emitter
follower to supply constant current higher than that available from an
operational amplifier (OP amp) to load, and three OP amps which are a basic
amplifier, a difference amplifier in a feedback network, and a voltage
follower as a buffer which is used so as not to make a load current flow
into a feedback network.
Features of the circuit are as follows: (1) Zero crossing type of Summing
for reference signal and feedback signal is adopted, which makes the restriction
of Common Mode Input Voltage for basic amplifier free; (2) Circuit configuration
of an additional OP amp as a buffer into a feedback network provides a
relatively constant current which is approximately independent of an external
load resistance. (3) Load current can be set simply by adjusting only reference
voltage.
Moreover, the permissible operating range of the circuit was analytically
obtained and experimentally tested out, and a measurement of diodes and
transistors characteristic was carried out as an application of the constant
current source.
Consequently, this study clearly showed that the constant current source
could be a valuable material in helping the students understand the concept
of NFB control, it also allowed students to cultivate their abilities and
apply it in introductory technology education.
Key words: constant current source, design, operational amplifier, negative
feedback control, operating characteristics.
No.9643
Mouse Point Operations of Junior High School Students
Satoshi EMA, Hiroki ICHIOKA and Taketora YOSHIDA
中学生のマウスによるポイント入力について
江馬 諭，市岡宏樹，吉田竹虎
To clarify mouse operating conditions suitable for junior high school students
and their mouse operation skill levels, a mouse operating test was carried
out. The test was planned as a three-factor experiment, in which sensitivity
of the mouse, configuration of targets, and size of targets were the factors,
while operating time and error ratio were measured. The results indicated
that, the mouse operating conditions suitable for junior high school students
were as follows: the transfer ratio of the mouse was 3.9 and 7.9 dot/mm,
the configuration of a target was circular, and the size of a target was
larger than 455 mm2.
Keywords: man-machine interface, personal computer, mouse, operating time,
error ratio
Technical Inforrmation
No.9513
Research on Students' Practical Lessons in Industrial Arts
Kunio UEDA, Takahiro MIYANO
技術科における生徒を主体とした実習の授業分析
上田 邦夫，宮野 高広
One of the important characteristics in Industrial Arts lessons is students'
practical/experimental learning. However, what constitutes a typical practical
activity has not been clearly identified. Using a video tape recorder (VTR),
we recorded the industrial arts classes. From the video tape we extracted
41 activity units which were synthesized into 13 activity categories that
could be used to analyze industrial arts classes. Using these categories
we attempted to statistically evaluate the students' activities during
class and tried to understand them empirically. In this paper we analyzed
classes based on activity categories by comparing male and female activityies.
The results showed no difference between male and female students in "production"
activities and "information" activities. However, significant
differences were observed in "meaningless activity" categories,
such as playing or chatting. Especially the male students who were the
target of this investigation demonstrated a high level of wasteful activities.
Thus, a significant difference was observed between males and females.
Key words: industrial arts, student's practical activity, learning by producing,
category analysis.
No.9537
Senior High School Information Literacy - Comparing the Content Emphasized
in the Textbooks with the Content Valued by Industry
Haruhisa YAMAGUCHI
産業界が望む情報リテラシ－と普通科高等学校教育の情報リテラシーの相関
山口 晴久
I conducted a survey of 152 companies in the Kinki region, where Osaka
high school graduates work. The purpose was to determine the status of
computer literacy education in the high school curriculum as defined by
the new national course of study guidelines. The survey focused on computer-related
skills and knowledge as applies to high school students. As a result, I
found that the use of practical computer skills such as word processing
is more important in industry than programming skills. I also reviewed
high school textbooks and found that the textbooks on "information
processing" emphasized programming while being less concerned with
computer use in industry.
Key words: computer literacy, high school computer education, fundamentals
of information science and technology
No.9623
Development of a Portable Brinell Hardness Tester for Wood
Seiji Hirata, Kaneharu Makino
木材用携帯型ブリネル硬さ計の開発
平田晴路，牧野金春
In order to make it easy to measure the hardness of wood in woodworking
classes, a portable Brinell hardness tester was developed. The tester automatically
indicates the hardness of wood using a digital readout. A 3 mm steel ball
was used in order to reduce the load weight which is required for pressure
insertion of the steel ball. However, there is no limitation to the size
of the test object or the measurement position. We obtained the following
result by measuring the hardness of various wood materials The results
were as follows:
(1) Even 7th graders were able to measure hardness.
(2) Because the steel ball was small it was easy to measure the difference
in hardness between early wood and late wood.
(3) We confirmed that wood closer to the pith is harder than wood close
to the bark.
(4) In vertical grain, the coefficient of variation along the direction
of fiber is smaller than the radial coefficient of variation.
Key words: portable tester, wood, Brinell hardness, junior high school
No.9632
A Study on Motivation to Learn in Industrial Arts Classes -The Development
of a Scale to Measuring the Motivation to Learn
Shinichi HARADA, Masashi MATSUURA, Shigeki ANDOH
中学校技術科の授業における学習意欲に関する研究 －学習意欲尺度の開発を中心として－
原田信一，松浦正史，安東茂樹
In industrial arts classes it is important for the teacher to understand
students' motivation to learn in order to understand the students and to
develop teaching activities. In this study we developed a scale to measure
junior high school students' motivation to learn in industrial arts classes.
The results were as follows:
1) Factor analysis of students' motivation to learn extracted four factors
which were: a) Desire to make, b) Desire for assistance, c) Inclination
to be challenged, and d) Cognitive conflict.
2) We developed a questionnaire to determine students' motivation in industrial
arts classes based on the results of the factor analysis.
3) Using analysis of variance we found a significant difference in the
motivation to learn between 8th grade boys and girls.
4) When compared across grade levels, gender, and schools, the score for
the first factor, desire to make, was higher than any of the other factors.
Development of Multi- Media CAI Teaching Materials Related to Machine Tools
Ryoya MAKINO, Toshikazu YAMAMOTO, Masaaki TAKAHASHI
工作機械を題材としたマルチメディアＣＡＩ教材の制作
牧野亮哉，山本利一，高橋正晃
When learning how to operate machines that have moving parts and are potentially
dangerous, it is good to practice and study the method of operation in
advance using multi-media CAI teaching materials. It is considered appropriate
for students to understand the important functional points and the dangerous
points of the operation using image training. After that, they can begin
the actual task.
This teaching material was designed to enable students in technical high
schools, colleges of technology, and universities to understand the fundamental
structures and functions of machine tools and also the different operations
of a lathe. This so-called multi-media CAI teaching material is composed
of characters, figures, photographs, VTR images, animation, narration and
more.
The main software used for this is Authorware Professional Ver.2.0 for
Windows which is intended for multi-media presentations. The result of
the survey conducted with university students in a trial lesson using this
teaching material indicated that a generally high degree of understanding
was obtained. However, some points for improvement were also noted.
Key Words: teaching material, multi-media, CAI, machine tools, lathe